All four models are 5G compatible with the iPhone 12, but the 5g high -frequency band, so -called "millimeter wave", only for North America.In Japan, several companies are starting to provide millimeters sequentially, but at this time the area is being developed nationwide in the "Sub 6", a slightly higher frequency band of the existing 4G frequency band.As the name implies, the sub 6 is 6 or less, that is, the LTE frequency from 6GHz or less, and 3.It is the name of the frequency band up to 6GHz.
Miller waves and sub 6 have their own characteristics.Miller waves can use a wider band, so you can enhance the throughput.However, there is a weak point that it is vulnerable to obstacles.Sub 6 is an extension of 4G frequency, so the know -how so far can be used for base station design and antenna arrangement.It is more resistant to obstacles than millimeters and reaches a wide range.Sub 6 is useful to expand the 5G area as soon as possible.The fact is that the introduction of 5g frequency bands differs depending on the country and career.
So what are the development of 5G from all over the world now?Nokia's "Connected Future 2020" held on October 15 explained the latest 5G situation by Nokia Solutions & Networks CTO Tatsuya Yanagibashi.
As of August 2020, there are 92 carriers around the world.Many of them are concentrated in the United States, Europe and Asia.It is said that Japan was delayed at 5G, but it can be said that it started early in the world level.By the way, the 5G NR service started in the United States and Korea in April 2019.Japan has started services just a year later.
So what is the communication speed of 5G in each country?Looking at the speed test survey of OpenSignal, the throughput is in the United States 1815Mbps (1).815Gbps), you can see that it is fast in the world.Continue to 1200MPBS in Australia, Switzerland and Korea (1).Around 2Gbps).The difference from the United States is obvious.
This is because 5G in the United States mainly uses millimeter waves, and the high -speed characteristics of millimeters are fully demonstrated.On the other hand, other countries are developing 5g mainly in sub 6.This is why the iPhone 12 millimeters supported only in North America.5G smartphones sold in the United States require millimeter -wave support, and in other countries, Sub 6 is the mainstream, so there is not much merit that it dares to respond to millimeters.
However, it does not seem that 5G has become the best in the world in the United States.According to an OpenSignal survey, the average 5G throughput in the United States is 50..Only 9MPBS.Korean 312.7MPBS, 215 in Australia.7Mbps, Taiwan 210.Compared to 2MPBS, it drops considerably from 1/6 to 1/4.
This is because the United States is promoting the millimeter waves, but the Sub -6 development has not caught up.Milli -waves cannot go around the building because they are vulnerable to obstacles.If the area currently covered with 4G is covered by millimeter waves, the number of base stations must be increased more than now.5G does not hold with millimeters alone.
5G NR 3 at the event venue in Nokia.4-3.A SA method of 6GHz, that is, SA method using SUB6 was being held.The speed of the test terminal is 1.2Gbps is marked, and Sub 6 has a firm speed of "giga".At the iPhone 12 recital, the focus on Verizon's 5G was noticeable, so it may have given the impression of "millimeters 5G", but the highest 5G environment is the highest in combining sub 6 and millimeter.Is obtained.
Apple would have wanted to support all models of iPhone 12 to millimeters, but the world's 5G development is still focusing on sub 6, and the millimeter -wavy iPhone 12 needs to install an antenna on the side of the main unit.Design is difficult due to high cost.Considering the 5G development of each country as of 2020, it is realistic to make only North American models milli -waved.
Nevertheless, countries other than the United States will expand the area in Sub 6, and will expand the millimeter after 2021.The number of smartphones has been increasing since this year.
The 5G frequency band will be diverted to the 4G frequency band in addition to sub 6 and millimeters.Also, low frequencies like the 600MHz band of T-Mobile in the United States will be used.Each carrier plans to develop various communication services besides smartphones, taking advantage of the characteristics of each frequency band.
By the way, it is a millimeter wave that suddenly attracts attention thanks to the iPhone 12, but it is not only high -speed but also a low delay.Its low delay is expected to be applied to autonomous driving and remote medicine due to the speed of response to the cloud.However, Nokia believes that low delay can be used for location information measurement like GPS.
The lower the delay, the shorter the data transmission and receiving time between the base station and the terminal, and the accuracy of the time stamp is increased.In other words, when the terminal moves, the travel time can be measured more accurately.By accurately measuring the travel time between the three base stations and the terminal, it is possible to calculate the position of the terminal in real time.According to Yanagibashi, in the future, the position will be measured in a centimeter unit.
5G has three characteristics: "ultra -high speed", "ultra -low delay", and "simultaneous number of connections".If "high -position information measurement" is added here, the application of 5G will expand further.It is thought that 5G will be an important infrastructure not only for smartphones but also for industry.With the addition of new characteristics, the development speed of 5G in each country may be accelerated.