British archeologists discovered a human bone with a nail on the heel of the right foot.It seems that this bone person was crucified by the Romans, but it seems that the clear evidence of the crucifixion is very rare.
The archeological site found was found 90 km north of London and was discovered before the development of residential land in a small town, Fenstanton.David Ingham of Albion Archaeology led the excavation work, while the bone scholar of Cambridge University Wolfson College, Corinne Duhig, analyzed the human bone excavated.
This archeological site is a Roman road -type village discovered by Ingham's team in 2017 (announced a little later due to the influence of the new Corona).The archeological sites contain five graveyards, not only the bones of the person who stuck with nails on the heel, but also 40 adults and 5 children, and the times seem to be the 3rd century or 4th century.I am.
Other than human bones, the brooches of Shichido ware, bone whites, many coins, pottery, and countless slaughtered animals are excavated.In addition to the large number of treasures, there is evidence of commercial transactions, it is likely that the town of Fenstanton was a well -maintained settlement in the Roman era, and it was a place where travelers would stop by.
Meanwhile, there was a person who had a thick iron nail on the right heel.Research teams say this is the first evidence that the Roman crucifixion was implemented in the United Kingdom or in the Northern Europe.The outline of this discovery was published in British Archeology Magazine, but further details will be released in the future.
"I was able to observe almost the only case thanks to the good preservation state, the nails stuck in the bones, and this lucky combination.Duhig explains in the email."This discovery shows that even a small village of the Roman Empire could not escape Rome's most savage punishment."
Certainly, there are many records of the crucifixion of the Roman era, but physical evidence is extremely rare.In the email, INGHAM said, "Although there are countless historical mentions and painting expressions regarding crucifixion, this discovery is only a convincing physical evidence that shows how someone was crucified.It is the second case. "
The first time, in 1968, in Giv'at Ha-Mivtar in Jerusalem, Israel, "The nail was exactly the same as our examples of the right carcass bone (heel bone)."It is in this paper.There were two other human bones that could have been crucified, one was found in Italy, and the other was in Egypt, but the nails were not stuck, but only holes were holes in the bones.
By the way, in the Roman crucifixion, nails are often not used, and in that case, the legs were attached to the side of the middle pillar in the middle of the T -shaped "Patibulum".The crucifixion was a time -consuming torture and execution method, eventually banned Constantine I in the 4th century BC.When iron nails were used, it was often extracted to reuse, but in the example I discovered this time, the nails were bent and fixed in the bones, so I dared to leave them there.maybe.
Looking at the results of the bones, it seems that this person had a considerable pain before he died."The new bones of the tibia and fibulitis are infected or inflammation due to local stimuli, such as restraint or sashimi."In addition, they say, "This person is in pain, illness, and probably due to punishment, and seems to be in a composite state of illness or trauma."From the DNA analysis of the bone, this person is presumed to have died in the age of 25 to 35 due to the damage of the molar.
According to INGHAM, the crucifixion of the 3rd and 4th centuries is important in the sense that the crucifixion is "no longer being crucified."He says, "It may have been involved in crimes that think that the nation is particularly serious, and probably supporting the support of local residents."Nevertheless, the exact reason for the execution is to guess."Maybe he was a slave with only a master involved in such a crime," said INGHAM.
Analysis of other human bones has shown that the other people buried in this archeological site were harmful and suffering.Many human bones had severe dental diseases, malaria, traces of trauma, and some of them broke her legs at the same time."The pain of subsequent walking is shown by arthritis on her feet."In addition, the type of fracture found in many human bones is "strong power, something that is common in contact sports in modern times", but "I guess what actually happened.I can only do that. "
Even in various towns and villages in the UK, and even in the field, there is a shit like "This is a historic town that has continued since the Roman era ..." and "I found an archeological site here ..."However, it is called "Roman day" and dressed up like that (such as making a sheet into a toga), and as a modern person, I just feel emotional, but those at that time are quite violent and tough.I guess it was a life ...